|
Matronics Email Lists Web Forum Interface to the Matronics Email Lists
|
View previous topic :: View next topic |
Author |
Message |
lmorgan100(at)charter.net Guest
|
Posted: Mon Jun 24, 2013 4:52 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
Hey everyone,
I know this subject probably has been beaten to death but here goes anyway.
I have a 503 Rotax with a gearbox and a 60 inch three blade IVO prop. (not sure of the gear ratio.
This is on a Twinstar MKII.
I have it set to give me 6500 rpm on climb out.
Is there a way to get any more thrust out of this with a prop change or am I maxed out with what I have ?
I am trying to get off the ground quicker. (it is fine for one person, but uses a lot of runway with 2)
Also I am still looking at landing gear issues, would the person that made spring steel gear please contact me and let me know what
size, wall thickness, grade material and hardness he used for his.
thanks for any responses.
Lee,
Twinstar MKII and CGS Hawk Classic
[quote][b]
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
rowedenny
Joined: 09 Mar 2008 Posts: 338 Location: Western PA
|
Posted: Mon Jun 24, 2013 5:24 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
A 66 or 68 inch prop might help, if you could change to a C gearbox with the 3.47 to 1 ratio and use a 68 to 72 inch three blade you would get the most possible out of the 503.
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 24, 2013, at 8:51 AM, "Lee" <lmorgan100(at)charter.net> wrote:
[quote] Hey everyone,
I know this subject probably has been beaten to death but here goes anyway
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
Richard Pike
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 1671 Location: Blountville, Tennessee
|
Posted: Mon Jun 24, 2013 5:26 am Post subject: Re: thrust |
|
|
Typically you get more acceleration and climb as you make the prop longer. With a 503 and a longer 3 bladed prop - say 64" or 66" - you can get to the point that you have a lot of acceleration but you are top end limited, in effect you end up with a pure climb prop. The reason for this is if you try and crank in enough pitch into a longer 3 blade for a decent cruise speed, the engine will likely not have enough torque to rev up properly, it will be constantly overloaded. A 2 blade prop should not normally have this problem. Since the Ivo is flexible, it will be just as smooth with 2 blades as it is with 3.
Right now I am running a 2 bladed 68" Ivo with a 582 and am very happy with the performance. Take off is prompt, climb is excellent, and top end is good. The engine will hit red line at full throttle in level flight and never lugs at any RPM.
I had to make motor mount spacers to get the engine higher for boom tube clearance. Before I made the spacers the longest prop I could use was 66". 66" was good, 68" is better. I did have a bit more top end with the 66", but not much, and since I always cruise around 65 anyway, the 68" is all good.
If I were you, I would sell the 3 blade and get a 66" 2 blade Ivo and try that. If your engine fails to make enough torque to handle it, you can trim it down to 65" or even 64" and either way you will see quite an improvement over the 60" prop.
Can't help you on the landing gear.
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
_________________ Richard Pike
Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
Kingsport, TN 3TN0
Forgiving is tough, being forgiven is wonderful, and God's grace really is amazing. |
|
Back to top |
|
|
rowedenny
Joined: 09 Mar 2008 Posts: 338 Location: Western PA
|
Posted: Mon Jun 24, 2013 5:51 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
This makes me want to try an old two blade 68 inch Ivo I have laying around. I currently use a 68 inch three blade Powerfin F model. Always looking for more performance. I didn't think two blades would absorb 70hp.
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 24, 2013, at 9:26 AM, "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org> wrote:
Quote: |
Typically you get more acceleration and climb as you make the prop longer. With a 503 and a longer 3 bladed prop - say 64" or 66" - you can get to the point that you have a lot of acceleration but you are top end limited, in effect you end up with a pure climb prop. The reason for this is if you try and crank in enough pitch into a longer 3 blade for a decent cruise speed, the engine will likely not have enough torque to rev up properly, it will be constantly overloaded. A 2 blade prop should not normally have this problem. Since the Ivo is flexible, it will be just as smooth with 2 blades as it is with 3.
Right now I am running a 2 bladed 68" Ivo with a 582 and am very happy with the performance. Take off is prompt, climb is excellent, and top end is good. The engine will hit red line at full throttle in level flight and never lugs at any RPM.
I had to make motor mount spacers to get the engine higher for boom tube clearance. Before I made the spacers the longest prop I could use was 66". 66" was good, 68" is better. I did have a bit more top end with the 66", but not much, and since I always cruise around 65 anyway, the 68" is all good.
If I were you, I would sell the 3 blade and get a 66" 2 blade Ivo and try that. If your engine fails to make enough torque to handle it, you can trim it down to 65" or even 64" and either way you will see quite an improvement over the 60" prop.
Can't help you on the landing gear.
--------
Richard Pike
Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
richard (at) bcchapel(dot)org
Kingsport, TN 3TN0
Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
Hebrews 11:1
Read this topic online here:
http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403285#403285
|
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
John Hauck
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 4639 Location: Titus, Alabama (hauck's holler)
|
Posted: Mon Jun 24, 2013 6:33 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
Also I am still looking at landing gear issues, would the person that made spring steel gear please contact me and let me know what
size, wall thickness, grade material and hardness he used for his.
thanks for any responses.
Lee,
Twinstar MKII and CGS Hawk Classic Quote: | Lee/Kolbers: I use .120” wall 4130, heat treated to 48 Rockwell. I don't know what the diameter of the gear leg sockets of a MKII are. Probably 1.125". Good idea to weld the axle socket to the gear leg, rather than use the standard "gear leg/axle socket” that bolts to the end of the gear leg. Welding, for me, proved to be much stronger than the bolt on socket. All alignment and drilling should be done prior to heat treating. | 01234
[quote][b]
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
_________________ John Hauck
MKIII/912ULS
hauck's holler
Titus, Alabama |
|
Back to top |
|
|
gliderx5
Joined: 30 Jun 2008 Posts: 203
|
Posted: Mon Jun 24, 2013 8:40 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
Lee
I think I had a 68" 3 blade IVO on my MKII with a 503. Below is a link to a video showing takeoff performance.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wAkNU2UcADw
Malcolm
From: "Lee" <lmorgan100(at)charter.net>
To: kolb-list(at)matronics.com
Sent: Monday, June 24, 2013 8:51:56 AM
Subject: thrust
Hey everyone,
I know this subject probably has been beaten to death but here goes anyway.
I have a 503 Rotax with a gearbox and a 60 inch three blade IVO prop. (not sure of the gear ratio.
This is on a Twinstar MKII.
I have it set to give me 6500 rpm on climb out.
Is there a way to get any more thrust out of this with a prop change or am I maxed out with what I have ?
I am trying to get off the ground quicker. (it is fine for one person, but uses a lot of runway with 2)
Also I am still looking at landing gear issues, would the person that made spring steel gear please contact me and let me know what
size, wall thickness, grade material and hardness he used for his.
thanks for any responses.
Lee,
Twinstar MKII and CGS Hawk Classic
[quote]
[b]
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
Richard Pike
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 1671 Location: Blountville, Tennessee
|
Posted: Tue Jun 25, 2013 6:21 am Post subject: Re: thrust |
|
|
Nice video. It is certainly possible to run a 3 blade 68" Ivo on a 503, my only question would be - what was your cruise speed, and what rpm were you turning at that speed? In order to get the 503 to turn 6500 rpm with that much prop, you will certainly need to take out a lot of pitch, and then your cruise speed goes to pot while the engine runs at high rpm.
Back when I had a 532 on the MKIII, I started out with a 64" 3 blade Ivo. Given that the 532 did not have as flat a torque curve as the 503, still, in order to make the engine run properly, I had to run it with the prop in fairly flat pitch and it had a great takeoff and climb, but at cruise it was turning 5800-6000 rpm with poor airspeed. Around 62 if I remember right. Took away one blade, repitched the prop, and the cruise rpm became sane, cruise speed went up, and it kept it's good takeoff and climb behavior.
With the 582 and a 68" 2 blade, cruise speed is 65-70 at around 5500 rpm and 4 gph. Takeoff is typical Kolb - great.
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
_________________ Richard Pike
Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
Kingsport, TN 3TN0
Forgiving is tough, being forgiven is wonderful, and God's grace really is amazing. |
|
Back to top |
|
|
rowedenny
Joined: 09 Mar 2008 Posts: 338 Location: Western PA
|
Posted: Tue Jun 25, 2013 9:47 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
Richard, do you have the light or medium Ivo blades?
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 25, 2013, at 10:21 AM, "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org> wrote:
Quote: |
gliderx5 wrote:
> Lee
>
> I think I had a 68" 3 blade IVO on my MKII with a 503. Below is a link to a video showing takeoff performance.
>
> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wAkNU2UcADw (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wAkNU2UcADw)
>
> Malcolm
>
>
Nice video. It is certainly possible to run a 3 blade 68" Ivo on a 503, my only question would be - what was your cruise speed, and what rpm were you turning at that speed? In order to get the 503 to turn 6500 rpm, you will need to take out a lot of pitch, and then then your cruise speed goes to pot.
Back when I had a 532 on the MKIII, I started out with a 64" 3 blade Ivo. Given that the 532 did not have as flat a torque curve as the 503, still, in order to make the engine run properly, I had to run it with the prop in fairly flat pitch and it had a great takeoff and climb, but at cruise it was turning 5800-6000 rpm with poor airspeed. Around 62 if I remember right. Took away one blade, repitched the prop, and the cruise rpm became sane, cruise speed went up, and it kept it's good takeoff and climb behavior.
With the 582 and a 68" 2 blade, cruise speed is 65-70 at around 5500 rpm and 4 gph. Takeoff is typical Kolb - great.
--------
Richard Pike
Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
richard (at) bcchapel(dot)org
Kingsport, TN 3TN0
Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
Hebrews 11:1
Read this topic online here:
http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403398#403398
|
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
lmorgan100(at)charter.net Guest
|
Posted: Wed Jun 26, 2013 4:02 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
Thanks everyone for the responses to the prop thrust question.
It looks like I am in the market for a used 66 to 68 inch IVO prop.
keep in mind funds are low, but if anyone has one for around $200. I am interested.
thanks,
Lee
[quote][b]
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
Richard Pike
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 1671 Location: Blountville, Tennessee
|
Posted: Wed Jun 26, 2013 5:07 am Post subject: Re: thrust |
|
|
[quote="rowedenny"]Richard, do you have the light or medium Ivo blades?
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
[quote]
Just the light ones.
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
_________________ Richard Pike
Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
Kingsport, TN 3TN0
Forgiving is tough, being forgiven is wonderful, and God's grace really is amazing. |
|
Back to top |
|
|
rowedenny
Joined: 09 Mar 2008 Posts: 338 Location: Western PA
|
Posted: Wed Jun 26, 2013 10:32 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
This thread has me excited to try a 68 inch two blade Ivo I got from a friend several years ago and never thought it would be enough blade to absorb my 70hp. If it works, I'll buy a two blade hub for my Powerfin and give that a try.
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 26, 2013, at 9:07 AM, "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org> wrote:
[quote]
[quote="rowedenny"]Richard, do you have the light or medium Ivo blades?
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
Quote: |
Just the light ones.
--------
Richard Pike
Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
richard (at) bcchapel(dot)org
Kingsport, TN 3TN0
Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
Hebrews 11:1
Read this topic online here:
http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403454#403454
|
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
rickofudall
Joined: 19 Sep 2009 Posts: 1392 Location: Udall, KS, USA
|
Posted: Thu Jun 27, 2013 5:55 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
Dennis, Make sure you have the prop extension for the IVO, their blades flex quite a bit more than you Power Fin.
Rick Girard
do not archive
On Wed, Jun 26, 2013 at 1:31 PM, Dennis Rowe <rowedenny(at)windstream.net (rowedenny(at)windstream.net)> wrote:
[quote] --> Kolb-List message posted by: Dennis Rowe <rowedenny(at)windstream.net (rowedenny(at)windstream.net)>
This thread has me excited to try a 68 inch two blade Ivo I got from a friend several years ago and never thought it would be enough blade to absorb my 70hp. If it works, I'll buy a two blade hub for my Powerfin and give that a try.
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 26, 2013, at 9:07 AM, "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org (richard(at)bcchapel.org)> wrote:
> --> Kolb-List message posted by: "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org (richard(at)bcchapel.org)>
>
> [quote="rowedenny"]Richard, do you have the light or medium Ivo blades?
>
> Dennis "Skid" Rowe
> Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
>
> Quote: |
>
> Just the light ones.
>
> --------
> Richard Pike
> Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
> richard (at) bcchapel(dot)org
> Kingsport, TN 3TN0
> Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
> Hebrews 11:1
>
>
>
>
> Read this topic online here:
>
> http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403454#403454
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
===========
arget="_blank">http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List
===========
http://forums.matronics.com
===========
le, List Admin.
="_blank">http://www.matronics.com/contribution
===========
|
--
Zulu Delta
Mk IIIC
Thanks, Homer GBYM
It isn't necessary to have relatives in Kansas City in order to be unhappy.
- Groucho Marx
[quote][b]
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
_________________ The smallest miracle right in front of you is enough to make you happy.... |
|
Back to top |
|
|
rowedenny
Joined: 09 Mar 2008 Posts: 338 Location: Western PA
|
Posted: Thu Jun 27, 2013 11:24 am Post subject: thrust |
|
|
Thanks Rick, I have 5.6 inches clearance between the front of the prop and the back of my fuselage. Just realized I didn't check the flap tube clearance to the prop, will check that and if necessary I'll steal the prop spacer off my Sport Parasol.
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 27, 2013, at 9:54 AM, Richard Girard <aslsa.rng(at)gmail.com> wrote:
[quote] Dennis, Make sure you have the prop extension for the IVO, their blades flex quite a bit more than you Power Fin.
Rick Girard
do not archive
On Wed, Jun 26, 2013 at 1:31 PM, Dennis Rowe <rowedenny(at)windstream.net> wrote:
>
>
> This thread has me excited to try a 68 inch two blade Ivo I got from a friend several years ago and never thought it would be enough blade to absorb my 70hp. If it works, I'll buy a two blade hub for my Powerfin and give that a try.
>
> Dennis "Skid" Rowe
> Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
>
>
>
> On Jun 26, 2013, at 9:07 AM, "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org> wrote:
>
> >
> >
> > [quote="rowedenny"]Richard, do you have the light or medium Ivo blades?
> >
> > Dennis "Skid" Rowe
> > Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
> >
> > [quote]
> >
> > Just the light ones.
> >
> > --------
> > Richard Pike
> > Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
> > richard (at) bcchapel(dot)org
> > Kingsport, TN 3TN0
> > Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
> > Hebrews 11:1
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Read this topic online here:
> >
> > http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403454#403454
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> ===========
> arget="_blank">http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List
> ===========
> http://forums.matronics.com
> ===========
> le, List Admin.
> ="_blank">http://www.matronics.com/contribution
> ===========
--
Zulu Delta
Mk IIIC
Thanks, Homer GBYM
It isn't necessary to have relatives in Kansas City in order to be unhappy
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
gajindra(at)sbcglobal.net Guest
|
Posted: Thu Jun 27, 2013 1:08 pm Post subject: thrust |
|
|
On the Mark 3 IVO requires a 4 inch extension due to the flexing. There blades do truly move a lot
Gary Jindra
Mark 3
582 115 hours
912 ul 20 hours
From: Dennis Rowe <rowedenny(at)windstream.net>
To: "kolb-list(at)matronics.com" <kolb-list(at)matronics.com>
Sent: Thursday, June 27, 2013 3:23 PM
Subject: Re: Re: thrust
Thanks Rick, I have 5.6 inches clearance between the front of the prop and the back of my fuselage. Just realized I didn't check the flap tube clearance to the prop, will check that and if necessary I'll steal the prop spacer off my Sport Parasol.
Dennis "Skid" RoweMk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 27, 2013, at 9:54 AM, Richard Girard <aslsa.rng(at)gmail.com (aslsa.rng(at)gmail.com)> wrote:
[quote]Dennis, Make sure you have the prop extension for the IVO, their blades flex quite a bit more than you Power Fin.
Rick Girard
do not archive
On Wed, Jun 26, 2013 at 1:31 PM, Dennis Rowe <rowedenny(at)windstream.net (rowedenny(at)windstream.net)> wrote:
[quote] --> Kolb-List message posted by: Dennis Rowe <rowedenny(at)windstream.net (rowedenny(at)windstream.net)>
This thread has me excited to try a 68 inch two blade Ivo I got from a friend several years ago and never thought it would be enough blade to absorb my 70hp. If it works, I'll buy a two blade hub for my Powerfin and give that a try.
Dennis "Skid" Rowe
Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
On Jun 26, 2013, at 9:07 AM, "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org (richard(at)bcchapel.org)> wrote:
> --> Kolb-List message posted by: "Richard Pike" <richard(at)bcchapel.org (richard(at)bcchapel.org)>
>
> [quote="rowedenny"]Richard, do you have the light or medium Ivo blades?
>
> Dennis "Skid" Rowe
> Mk3, 690L-70, Leechburg, PA
>
>
--
Zulu Delta
Mk IIIC
Thanks, Homer GBYM
It isn't necessary to have relatives in Kansas City in order to be unhappy.
- Groucho Marx
http://www.matronics.com/contribution[b]
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
|
|
Back to top |
|
|
Richard Pike
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 1671 Location: Blountville, Tennessee
|
Posted: Fri Jun 28, 2013 6:29 am Post subject: Re: thrust |
|
|
If anybody needs an Ivo prop spacer, let me know, I've got one.
| - The Matronics Kolb-List Email Forum - | | Use the List Feature Navigator to browse the many List utilities available such as the Email Subscriptions page, Archive Search & Download, 7-Day Browse, Chat, FAQ, Photoshare, and much more:
http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List |
|
_________________ Richard Pike
Kolb MKIII N420P (420ldPoops)
Kingsport, TN 3TN0
Forgiving is tough, being forgiven is wonderful, and God's grace really is amazing. |
|
Back to top |
|
|
|
|
You cannot post new topics in this forum You cannot reply to topics in this forum You cannot edit your posts in this forum You cannot delete your posts in this forum You cannot vote in polls in this forum You cannot attach files in this forum You can download files in this forum
|
Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2005 phpBB Group
|