ryee
Joined: 26 Apr 2008
Posts: 3
Location: Santa Cruz, CA
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 Posted: Wed May 21, 2008 5:51 am Post subject: Lightning-List Digest: 4 Msgs - 05/20/08 |
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CJ, Buz, and Dan for all of you responses. I just learned something new.
Thanks,
Richard
[quote] Time: 08:53:52 AM PST US
From: "Richard Yee" <richard.k.yee(at)gmail.com (richard.k.yee(at)gmail.com)>
Subject: Re: Lightning-List Digest: 3 Msgs - 05/19/08
What is a 'karmen'? I couldn't find it in any dictionary.
Thanks,
Richard
Time: 10:23:15 AM PST US
Subject: RE: Re: Lightning-List Digest: 3 Msgs - 05/19/08
From: "James, Clive R" <clive.james(at)uk.bp.com (clive.james(at)uk.bp.com)>
Richard, 'Karman' is Spanish for 'wing root shape on the fuselage' or
that's what I figured it to be
I tried everywhere to find a translation on European translation
websites but they can make anything of it. I would be good to find out
what it actually means.
CJ
________________________________ Message 3 _____________________________________
Time: 10:26:58 AM PST US
From: N1BZRich(at)aol.com (N1BZRich(at)aol.com)
Subject: Re: Re: Lightning-List Digest: 3 Msgs - 05/19/08
In a message dated 5/20/2008 11:55:41 A.M. Eastern Daylight Time,
richard.k.yee(at)gmail.com (richard.k.yee(at)gmail.com) writes:
What is a 'karmen'?
Richard,
Karmen or more properly Karman (probably named after professor Von
Karman - well known aeronautical engineer) is a term used to describe the raised
(or molded) portion of the fuselage that mates to the wing root and thus
"fairs" the wing into the fuselage for less drag at the junction of wing and
fuselage. As far as I know the term is only used for composite aircraft where
the
fuselage mold includes a karman so that when the wing is attached you
already have a drag reducing junction.
Blue Skies,
Buz Rich
_______________________________ Message 4 _____________________________________
Time: 12:41:20 PM PST US
Subject: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Theodor_von_K=E1rm=E1n?
From: "James, Clive R" <clive.james(at)uk.bp.com (clive.james(at)uk.bp.com)>
Nice one Buz, not Spanish at all, no wonder I couldn't find it. It was a
line in the Esqual manual which you'll remember. CJ
Dr. Theodor von K=E1rm=E1n holds an important position among the
contributors to aerodynamic theory, particularly in the area of
supersonic flight. Known as "the father of supersonic flight," he made
major contributions to aviation and space technology, theoretical
aerodynamics, and the application of theory to improve aircraft
performance. He also helped develop the use of rocketry for creating
weapons of defense.
As a young child in Hungary, von K=E1rm=E1n seemed destined for science.
His father was a professor and his mother a descendant of well-known
scholars. Born in 1881, Theodor's intelligence was first noticed at age
6 when he solved his older brother's complicated multiplication problems
in his head before his brother could complete them on paper.
At age 9 he enrolled in an open education laboratory founded by his
father that was referred to as "a nursery for the elite." By the age of
22, von K=E1rm=E1n had graduated from Royal Joseph University in Hungary
with a mechanical engineering degree and highest honors. He enrolled in
the advanced study of mechanical engineering after serving his mandatory
military service and received his doctorate under the tutelage of the
famous aerodynamicist, Ludwig Prandtl.
Von K=E1rm=E1n spent the next four years working under Prandtl and
helped advance boundary-layer theory and airfoil and wing theory. In
1913 he left Prandtl's supervision to become a professor in aeronautics
and mechanics at the Technical University at Aachen, Germany. He was
soon appointed the director of the Aachen Aerodynamics Institute.
While at Aachen, he met Hugo Junkers and collaborated with him in the
aerodynamic design of the Junkers J-1 transport airplane. Created in
1915, the J-1 airplane was the first cantilevered wing all metal
airplane.
Von K=E1rm=E1n moved to the United States in 1930 to accept the role of
director of the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory at the California
Institute of Technology (GALCIT). He brought with him a new approach to
theoretical aerodynamics and its use in practical airplane design. He
soon made GALCIT the intellectual center of aerodynamics and a leader in
rocket research in the United States. Aerojet Engineering Corporation,
which later became the major rocket company Aerojet-General, was spun
off from GALCIT in 1942, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a leader in
rocket research, was formed from GALCIT in 1944.
In 1932, von K=E1rm=E1n made a notable contribution to the study of
supersonics. Von Karman reduced the current equations for supersonic
flow into a single equation. He then proposed its solution by studying
the airflow at various points along the object. This became known as the
Karman-Moore theory and marked the beginning of a new approach to
studying supersonics that is still used today.
In 1939, the commanding general of the U.S Army Air Force, General Henry
"Hap" Arnold, asked von K=E1rm=E1n to design a 20-foot (six-meter),
40,000-horsepower (29,828-kilowatt) wind tunnel for the Air Force at
Wright Field in Ohio. This was the first facility of its kind and was
used by the Air Force to make major advances in flight research.
During World War II, General Arnold chose von K=E1rm=E1n as his
scientific advisor, marking the beginning of a long period of
cooperation between researchers, the Air Force, and industry that still
exists. This relationship gave von K=E1rm=E1n a strong influence over
much of the aeronautical research and development that occurred during
the war. He created the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, a group of
academic, government, and industry engineers and scientists who were a
major force in determining U.S. Air Force research and development
policy.
After the war, von K=E1rm=E1n sent a team of scientists to Germany to
study their facilities and learn how they had made such rapid progress
in aeronautics and aviation during the war. He used this information to
develop a blueprint for an Air Force research and development facility
for jet propulsion, supersonic aircraft, and ballistic missiles. This
facility was created in Tennessee and was called the Arnold Engineering
Development Center.
Also after the war Von K=E1rm=E1n was responsible for creating the
Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research and Development (AGARD), part
of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). AGARD has played a
major role in the aeronautical advancements of NATO countries since the
war. One of the educational and research institutes of AGARD became the
Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, a leading aerodynamics
laboratory known worldwide.
Von K=E1rm=E1n continued his policymaking relationship with the U.S. Air
Force and also traveled throughout the world giving lectures. He
eventually moved to Paris and left the operation of GALCIT to his former
students and colleagues. He died on May 6, 1963, in a hospital in
Aachen, and was buried in Pasadena, California, home of the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory. At his funeral, a statement paying tribute to him
from President John F. Kennedy was read. The President had also earlier
that year awarded von Karman the first National Medal of Science. Dr.
von K=E1rm=E1n was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in
1983.
-Dan Johnston
References and Further Reading:
Anderson, Jr., John D. A History of Aerodynamics. Cambridge, England:
Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Gorn, Michael H. The Universal Man. Theodore von Karman's Life in
Aeronautics. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992.
Halacy, D.S. Father of Supersonic Flight: Theodor von Karman, New York:
Pocket Books, Inc., 1965.
Hall, R. Cargill. "Shaping the Course of Aeronautics, Rocketry, and
Astronautics: Theodore von Karman, 1881-1963. Journal of the
Astronautical Sciences (October-December 1978).
Hanle, Paul A. Bringing Aerodynamics to America. Cambridge: MIT, 1982.
Sharp, Trevor, ed. The AGARD History, 1952-1987. Paris: AGARD, 1988.
Sturm, Thomas. The USAF Scientific Advisory Board: Its First Twenty
Years, 1944-1964. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1986.
Von Karman, Theodor. Aerodynamics, Selected Topics in the Light of Their
Theoretical Development. New York: Cornell University Press, 1954.
Wattendorf, Frank L. ed. The AGARD History, 1952-1968. Paris: AGARD,
1969.
[b]
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